My research examines how public regulation and private ordering jointly structure modern finance. Working at the intersection of financial law, commercial law, and law and technology, I study how legal and institutional arrangements organize financial markets and infrastructures, allocate authority among public and private actors, and respond to conditions of crisis, innovation, and structural change.
A central theme of my work is the layered character of financial governance. Modern finance is not governed by regulation alone. Rather, regulation operates alongside contractual architectures, industry standards, market infrastructures, and other forms of private ordering. I examine how these layers interact—how they reinforce, constrain, or substitute for one another—and how that interaction shapes stability, competition, and control within financial markets.
My work also emphasizes that financial regulation cannot be understood in isolation from the broader legal system. Financial governance is embedded in surrounding frameworks of private law and public law, including contract, commercial law, corporate law, and administrative law. I am interested in how these general legal structures condition regulatory outcomes, structure institutional choice, and mediate the distribution of authority in financial markets.
Methodologically, my scholarship combines legal analysis with institutional and social-scientific inquiry. I engage closely with legal materials across jurisdictions and legal domains, often in comparative and transnational perspective, but I do so in order to illuminate broader institutional dynamics rather than to reconstruct doctrine for its own sake. I complement this work with institutional research into governance in practice, including qualitative analysis of regulatory documents, organizational forms, and private rule-making arrangements. Where appropriate, I also draw on institutional economics, macro-finance, and political economy to develop explanatory accounts of how legal and regulatory forms emerge, evolve, and perform under stress.
Across these strands, my aim is to explain how modern finance is legally organized: how law structures governance through an interaction between public authority and private ordering, and how that interaction shapes the operation and evolution of financial systems.
TILEC Discussion Paper 2026-03
New York University Journal of Law and Business, Volume 31 (2025)
Journal of Financial Regulation, Volume 9, Issue 1, April 2023
“THE EVOLUTION OF TRANSNATIONAL RULE-MAKERS THROUGH CRISES,” (ed., with Delimatsis, Panagiotis & Bijlmakers, Stephanie). Cambridge University Press Link.
I am currently involved in the following projects. As a co-leader of Lost in Compliance: How Ambiguous Data Quality Fuels Money Laundering Risks in the Netherlands and South Africa (Tilburg University, €31,000, 2026–2027), I examine how data-quality ambiguities within compliance infrastructures shape regulatory effectiveness in anti-money laundering regimes.
In addition, I am the leader of The European Financial Data Space: Normative Foundations and Institutional Design (Tilburg University, €240,000, 2024–2026), which investigates how the institutional design of shared financial data infrastructures redistributes regulatory authority.
In addition, in 2025, I received EUR5,000 in funding from the European Central Bank under its Legal Research Programme for a project on payment system interlinking.
2018-2023: As Assistant Professor, I contributed to the ERC-funded project Resilience and Economic Activism and the Role of Law (Grant Agreement No 725798) led by Prof. Delimatsis (Tilburg). My work focused on the legal and institutional foundations of financial regulation, contributing socio-legal analysis to a broader interdisciplinary investigation of economic resilience, regulatory capacity, and the role of law in structuring markets.
2013-2015: As a doctoral researcher, I contributed to the Global Law and Finance Network project developing a Legal Theory of Finance funded by the Institute for New Economic Thinking, led by Profs. Pistor (Columbia), Awrey (Oxford), and Haar (Frankfurt). This collaboration developed theoretical frameworks on how law constructs financial markets and allocates power.
2010-2012: As a doctoral researcher, I contributed to the project Transnational Private Regulation: Constitutional Foundations and Governance Design, funded by the Hague Institute for the Internationalization of Law. The project, led by Profs. Cafaggi (EUI), Scott (UCD), and Senden (Utrecht), examined the governance and legitimacy of transnational regulatory regimes, providing foundational training in comparative, institutional, and constitutional analysis of private regulatory authority.